Tequila is one of the most iconic spirits in the world, known for its rich history, unique flavor, and deep cultural roots in Mexico. Whether you enjoy it neat, in a cocktail, or as part of a celebration, understanding tequila can help you appreciate it on a whole new level. In this guide, we will explore how tequila is made, the different classifications, and the best ways to enjoy it.
What Makes Tequila Authentic?
Just like Champagne can only come from France, true tequila can only be produced in specific regions of Mexico. It must be made from 100% blue agave, primarily grown in the state of Jalisco and a few surrounding areas. While agave spirits are produced around the world, only those meeting these strict requirements can be labeled as tequila. It is important to note that mezcal is considered the predecessor of tequila. Mezcal can be made from many varieties of agave, giving it a smokier and more diverse flavor profile compared to tequila.
Alcohol Content and Serving Traditions
To be sold in the United States, tequila must contain at least 40% alcohol by volume (80 proof). In Mexico, high-quality tequila is traditionally served neat, allowing the drinker to fully appreciate its aroma and flavor. The popular salt and lime ritual is more common outside of Mexico and is generally reserved for lower-quality tequilas.
How Tequila is Made
The journey of tequila begins with the agave plant. Farmers carefully remove the leaves to reveal the heart of the plant, known as the piña, which resembles a large pineapple. The piñas are cooked to release their natural sugars, often referred to as "honey water." This liquid is then fermented and distilled at least twice to create tequila. Finally, the spirit is aged in oak barrels for varying lengths of time, which determines its classification and flavor profile.
The Main Types of Tequila
Blanco (Silver or White Tequila)
Blanco tequila is either unaged or aged for less than 60 days in stainless steel tanks. It has a bright, fresh agave flavor and is often used in cocktails like margaritas.
- Best Bargain: Espolón Blanco – Best In Show Silver Tequila and Double Gold Medal Winner at the 2011 San Francisco Spirits Competition
- Top Shelf Pick: Casamigos Blanco – Double Gold Medal Winner at the 2014 San Francisco Spirits Competition
Reposado
Reposado, meaning "rested," is aged in wooden casks for at least two months and up to nine months. It has a smoother, more mellow flavor than blanco and works well for both sipping and mixing in cocktails such as the Paloma.
- Best Bargain: Cazadores Reposado – Scored 91 points by the Beverage Testing Institute
- Top Shelf Pick: Clase Azul Reposado – Scored 92 points by the Beverage Testing Institute and awarded a Gold Medal at the 2006 San Francisco Spirits Competition
Añejo
Añejo tequila is aged for at least one year in American white oak, French oak, or bourbon barrels. It is rich, smooth, and perfect for sipping neat, offering deep flavors and a luxurious mouthfeel.
- Best Bargain: Hornitos Black Barrel Añejo – Highly awarded since 2014, including a Gold Medal at the 2016 International Wine & Spirits Competition
- Top Shelf Pick: Don Julio 1942 Añejo – Scored 98 points by Wine Enthusiast and has won multiple medals at San Francisco Spirits Competitions
How to Enjoy Tequila
For the best experience, choose a tequila that matches your preference and occasion. Blanco is ideal for refreshing cocktails, reposado offers versatility for both sipping and mixing, and añejo is best enjoyed neat to savor its complexity. Use a tulip-shaped glass to concentrate the aromas, and take small sips to fully appreciate the craftsmanship.
Final Thoughts
Tequila is more than just a party drink. It is a carefully crafted spirit with centuries of tradition behind it. By understanding its origins, production process, and classifications, you can select the perfect bottle for any occasion. Whether you are mixing a cocktail or savoring a premium añejo, the right tequila can elevate your drinking experience.